Table 1 Clinical criteria for inclusion and exclusion

Basic inclusion criteria:

1. Age at disease onset was 3 months to 18 years.

2. Patients exhibited typical clinical manifestations and characteristics of SSNS but no significant extra renal manifestations.

3. There was no consanguinity among the patients.

Inclusion criteria:

* Basic inclusion criteria.

Adequate treatment with 2 mg/(kg·d) or 60 mg/(m²·d) prednisone resulting in proteinuria remission after 4 weeks of treatment.

Withdrawal of SSNS patients from steroid treatment without relapse during the follow-up.

Follow-up time of at least 12 months individually.

Inclusion criteria:

*Basic inclusion criteria

The following two conditions are met simultaneously:

Two consecutive relapses during the reduction in corticosteroid therapy or within 2 weeks of the discontinuation of corticosteroid therapy.

More than two relapses within a six-month period or relapse in more than 4 of twelve months.

Exclusion criteria:

1. Congenital nephrotic syndrome

2. Secondary nephrotic syndrome

3. Secondary SRNS

4. Patients with potential secondary SRNS (e.g., positive genetic test associated with podocytopathies)