Table 1 Cardiometabolic risk factors

Weight excess

Overall adiposity^{a, b,c}

0–2 years

At risk of overweight

Weight-to-length ratio Z-score > + 1 and <=+2

Overweight

Weight-to-length ratio Z-score > + 2 and <=+3

Obesity

Weight-to-length ratio Z-score > + 3

2–5 years

At risk of overweight

BMI Z-score > + 1 and <=+2

Overweight

BMI Z-score > + 2 and <=+3

Obesity

BMI Z-score > + 3

5–18 years

Overweight

BMI Z-score > + 1 and <=+2

Obesity

BMI Z-score > + 2 and <=+3

Severe Obesity

BMI Z-score > + 3

Visceral adiposity

WHtR

≥ 0.60

High blood pressure^d

Elevated BP

Systolic and/or diastolic BP (mmHg) ≥ 90th < 95th pc. for age, sex, and height

Hypertension

Systolic and/or diastolic BP (mmHg) ≥ 95th pc. for age, sex, and height (under 16 years) ^e

Systolic and/or diastolic BP (mmHg) ≥ 135/80 (16–18 years)

Glucose dysmetabolism

Prediabetes

Impaired fasting glucose

Fasting glucose ≥ 100 < 126 mg/dL

High HbA1c

HbA1c ≥ 5.7 < 6.5% (≥ 39 < 48 mmol/mol)

Impaired glucose tolerance

2-h glucose during oral glucose tolerance test ≥ 140 < 200 mg/dL

Diabetes

Fasting glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL or HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (≥ 48 mmol/mol) or 2-h glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL ^f

Dyslipidemia

High LDL-Cholesterol

LDL- Cholesterol calculated ≥ 130 mg/dL

High cholesterol

Total cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dL

High triglycerides

Triglycerides ≥ 100 mg/dL (< 10 years) or TG ≥ 130 mg/dL (≥ 10years)

Low HDL-Cholesterol

HDL- Cholesterol <40 mg/dL

Physical inactivity

Physical activity

< 60 min/day

Sedentary behavior

≥ 2 h/day