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Table 4 Indications to prescription of adrenaline autoinjectorsb; modified from [1]

From: Hymenoptera venom allergy in children

Children with previous systemic reaction or with large local reaction and high risk of re-stings (e.g., children of beekeepers), before immunotherapy

Children with high tryptase levels and a history of systemic Hymenoptera reactions, regardless of immunotherapy

Children undergoing immunotherapy who, in the maintenance or discontinuation phase, are still at risk of incomplete clinical protection (e.g., very serious reactions at onset, adverse reactions during immunotherapy, lack of protection demonstrated by new Hymenoptera stings during immunotherapy, severe honeybee allergy)

Patients with a history of large local reaction at risk of multiple stings (e.g., children of beekeepers)

Patients with a history of only one large local reaction, as the risk of more severe reactions in the event of a new sting cannot be excludeda

  1. aIn the event of repeated, large local reactions, however, prescribing an adrenaline autoinjector is not necessary, as the risk of systemic reactions is very low
  2. bAmong patients to be prescribed two adrenaline auto-injectors, consider, e.g., uncontrolled asthmatics (asthma being a risk factor for fatal anaphylaxis), obese patients (i.e., risk of underdosing), patients living far from a hospital, patients with mastocytosis, patients with history of severe systemic reactions who have required multiple doses of adrenaline