Clinical application of voriconazole in pediatric patients: a systematic review

Table 2 Summary of studies on VRC maintenance doses to achieve the target range in non-Asian populations

Study population	No. of samples	Target C_trough (mg/L)	Maintenance dose to achieve the target range		Year	Country	Reference
Study population	No. of samples	Target C_trough (mg/L)	Age group (years)	Administration routes and VRC Dose (median [range], mg/kg twice daily)	Year	Country	Reference
Infants and children with primary immunodeficiency	16	> 1.0	0–14	10–16	2011	France	Gerin et al. [15]
Immunocompromised children	30	1.0-5.5	< 5 ≥ 5	19 (6–20) 7.5 (2–26)	2012	Spain	Soler-Palacín et al. [16]
Immunocompromised paediatric patients	74	2.0–5.0	0.2–18	6.45 ± 2.85 ^b	2012	Germany	Pieper et al. [17]
Children with HSCT	61	1.0–5.0	< 2 2–12 > 12	IV 15.75 (6-35.5) PO 11 (7–15) IV 7.75 (6.5–27.5) PO 4.3 (4-7.5) IV 5.95 (4.5–10)	2013	Netherlands	Bartelink et al. [18]
Children with IFIs	11	1.0–6.0	2–12	5–7	2015	America	Tucker et al. [19]
Immunocompromised children	55	1.0–5.0	< 6 6–12 > 12	IV 8.8 ^a PO 4.7 ^a IV 7.5 ^a PO 4.3 ^a IV 4.0 ^a	2016	Australia	Boast et al. [20]
Children received VRC for at least 48 h	59	1.0–6.0	< 12 ≥ 12	11.15 (9.00-13.55) ^c 6.0 (4.9-7.0) ^c	2023	America	Zembles et al. [21]

VRC, voriconazole. C_trough, trough concentration. PO, oral. IV, intravenous. HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. IFIs, invasive fungal infections. ^a median dose. ^b\(\bar x \pm s\), ^c median [interquartile range]

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